Normalizer

The Normalizer can apply any combination of sixteen normalizations to any UriInterface implementation.

Normalizations are specified through either flags or options. Flags are for normalizations that can be turned or turned off (you either want it or you don’t). Options are for normalizations that act on one or more variables that you get to choose.

Flags:

Options:

Capitalize Percent Encoding

Convert percent-encoded triplets (such as %3A) to uppercase. Letters within a percent-encoded triplet are case-insensitive.

<?php

use webignition\Url\Normalizer;
use webignition\Url\Url;

$url = new Url('http://example.com/path%2fvalue');
$normalizedUrl = Normalizer::normalize($url, Normalizer::CAPITALIZE_PERCENT_ENCODING);

(string) $normalizedUrl;
// "http://example.com/path%2Fvalue"

Decode Unreserved Characters

Convert percent-encoded characters that have no special meaning to their unencoded equivalents.

Decodes encoded forms of: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789-._~

<?php

use webignition\Url\Normalizer;
use webignition\Url\Url;

$url = new Url('http://example.com/%75%72%6C');
$normalizedUrl = Normalizer::normalize($url, Normalizer::DECODE_UNRESERVED_CHARACTERS);

(string) $normalizedUrl;
// "http://example.com/url"

Convert Empty HTTP Path

Applies a path of / where the path is empty and the scheme is http or https.

<?php

use webignition\Url\Normalizer;
use webignition\Url\Url;

$url = new Url('http://example.com');
$normalizedUrl = Normalizer::normalize($url, Normalizer::CONVERT_EMPTY_HTTP_PATH);

(string) $normalizedUrl;
// "http://example.com/"

Remove Default File Host

Removes the host of localhost from a file:// url.

<?php

use webignition\Url\Normalizer;
use webignition\Url\Url;

$url = new Url('file://localhost/path');
$normalizedUrl = Normalizer::normalize($url, Normalizer::REMOVE_DEFAULT_FILE_HOST);

(string) $normalizedUrl;
// "file:///path"

Remove Default Port

Removes the port if it matches the default port for the scheme.

<?php

use webignition\Url\Normalizer;
use webignition\Url\Url;

$url = new Url('http://example.com:80');
$normalizedUrl = Normalizer::normalize($url, Normalizer::REMOVE_DEFAULT_PORT);

(string) $normalizedUrl;
// "http://example.com"

$url = new Url('https://example.com:443');
$normalizedUrl = Normalizer::normalize($url, Normalizer::REMOVE_DEFAULT_PORT);
(string) $normalizedUrl;
// "https://example.com"

Remove Path Dot Segments

The . and .. path segments have a special meaning. These segments are removed and the path is re-written to be equivalent.

<?php

use webignition\Url\Normalizer;
use webignition\Url\Url;

$url = new Url('http://example.com/a/b/c/./../../g');
$normalizedUrl = Normalizer::normalize($url, Normalizer::REMOVE_PATH_DOT_SEGMENTS);

(string) $normalizedUrl;
// "http://example.com/a/g"

Convert Host Unicode to Punycode

Unicode hosts containing non-ascii characters are converted to the punycode equivalent.

<?php

use webignition\Url\Normalizer;
use webignition\Url\Url;

$url = new Url('http://♥.example.com/');
$normalizedUrl = Normalizer::normalize($url, Normalizer::CONVERT_HOST_UNICODE_TO_PUNYCODE);

(string) $normalizedUrl;
// "http://xn--g6h.example.com/"

Reduce Duplicate Path Slashes

Reduces occurrences of multiple slashes in the path to single slashes.

<?php

use webignition\Url\Normalizer;
use webignition\Url\Url;

$url = new Url('http://example.com///path//');
$normalizedUrl = Normalizer::normalize($url, Normalizer::REDUCE_DUPLICATE_PATH_SLASHES);

(string) $normalizedUrl;
// "http://example.com/path/"

Sort Query Parameters

Alphabetically sorts query parameters by key.

Sorting is neither locale- nor unicode-aware. The purpose is to be able to compare URLs in a reproducible way.

<?php

use webignition\Url\Normalizer;
use webignition\Url\Url;

$url = new Url('http://example.com?c=cow&a=apple&b=bear');
$normalizedUrl = Normalizer::normalize($url, Normalizer::SORT_QUERY_PARAMETERS);

(string) $normalizedUrl;
// "http://example.com?a=apple&b=bear&c=cow"

Add Path Trailing Slash

Add a trailing slash to the path if not present.

<?php

use webignition\Url\Normalizer;
use webignition\Url\Url;

$url = new Url('http://example.com');
$normalizedUrl = Normalizer::normalize($url, Normalizer::ADD_PATH_TRAILING_SLASH);

(string) $normalizedUrl;
// "http://example.com/"

Remove User Info

Remove user credentials.

<?php

use webignition\Url\Normalizer;
use webignition\Url\Url;

$url = new Url('http://user:password@example.com');
$normalizedUrl = Normalizer::normalize($url, Normalizer::REMOVE_USER_INFO);

(string) $normalizedUrl;
// "http://example.com"

Remove Fragment

Remove fragment component.

<?php

use webignition\Url\Normalizer;
use webignition\Url\Url;

$url = new Url('http://example.com#fragment');
$normalizedUrl = Normalizer::normalize($url, Normalizer::REMOVE_FRAGMENT);

(string) $normalizedUrl;
// "http://example.com"

Remove www Sub-domain

Remove the www sub-domain.

<?php

use webignition\Url\Normalizer;
use webignition\Url\Url;

$url = new Url('http://www.example.com');
$normalizedUrl = Normalizer::normalize($url, Normalizer::REMOVE_WWW);

(string) $normalizedUrl;
// "http://example.com"

Specify a Default Scheme

Specify a default scheme to be applied if none is present.

<?php

use webignition\Url\Normalizer;
use webignition\Url\Url;

$url = new Url('//www.example.com');
$normalizedUrl = Normalizer::normalize($url, Normalizer::NONE, [
    Normalizer::OPTION_DEFAULT_SCHEME => 'http',
]);

(string) $normalizedUrl;
// "http://example.com"

Remove Filenames From Path By Pattern

Remove the filename from the path component. Removal is defined through one or more patterns.

Useful for stripping common default filenames such as index.html, index.js or default.asp.

<?php

use webignition\Url\Normalizer;
use webignition\Url\Url;

$url = new Url('http//www.example.com/index.html');
$normalizedUrl = Normalizer::normalize($url, Normalizer::NONE, [
    Normalizer::OPTION_REMOVE_PATH_FILES_PATTERNS => Normalizer::REMOVE_INDEX_FILE_PATTERN,
]);

(string) $normalizedUrl;
// "http://example.com/"

Remove Query Parameters By Pattern

Remove query parameters where the parameter key matches one of a set of patterns.

Useful for stripping query parameters considered by you to be irrelevant to the canonical form of a URL.

<?php

use webignition\Url\Normalizer;
use webignition\Url\Url;

$url = new Url('http//www.example.com?x=1&y=2&utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=18');
$normalizedUrl = Normalizer::normalize($url, Normalizer::NONE, [
    Normalizer::OPTION_REMOVE_QUERY_PARAMETERS_PATTERNS => [
        '/^utm_\w+/i',
    ],
]);

(string) $normalizedUrl;
// "http://example.com?page=1&category=2"